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General description
Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein TOX (UniProt: O94900; also known as Thymus high mobility group box protein TOX) is encoded by the TOX (also known as KIAA0808) gene (Gene ID: 9760) in human. TOX is a member of an evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding protein family that plays multiple roles in the development of the adaptive immune system. It acts as a developmental checkpoint and regulates thymocyte positive selection toward T cell lineage commitment. It is required for the development of various T cell subsets, including CD4+ helper T-cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, regulatory T-cells, and CD1D-dependent natural killer T (NKT) cells. Its nuclear localization signal lies in amino acids 237-256 and the DNA-binding region (HMG box) resides in amino acids 161-329. TOX serves as a DNA-binding factor that regulates transcription by modifying local chromatin structure and modulating the formation of multi-protein complexes. It binds to GC-rich DNA sequences in the proximity of transcription start sites to alter chromatin structure and modify access of transcription factors to DNA. It also plays a major role in neural stem cell commitment and corticogenesis. During cortical development, it controls the neural stem cell pool by inhibiting the switch from proliferative to differentiating progenitors. It also promotes neurite outgrowth in newborn neurons migrating to reach the cortical plate. In T-cell lymphomas high TOX expression has been described in all the Mycosis fungoides (MF). A majority of precursor B/T lymphoblastic, follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphomas and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas strongly expressed the TOX protein. This ZooMAb® recombinant monoclonal antibody, generated by our propriety technology, offers significantly enhanced specificity, affinity, reproducibility, and stability over conventional monoclonals. (Ref.: Maestre, L., et al. (2020). PLoS ONE 15(2); e0229743; Yun, S., et al. (2011). Immunol. Lett. 136(1); 29-36).
ZooMAb® antibodies represent an entirely new generation of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Each ZooMAb® antibody is manufactured using our proprietary recombinant expression system, purified to homogeneity, and precisely dispensed to produce robust and highly reproducible lot-to-lot consistency. Only top-performing clones are released for use by researchers. Each antibody is validated for high specificity and affinity across multiple applications, including its most commonly used application. ZooMAb® antibodies are reliably available and ready to ship when you need them.
Immunogen
KLH-conjugated linear peptide corresponding to 20 amino acids from the N-terminal region of human Thymus high mobility group box protein TOX.
Application
Quality Control Testing
Evaluated by Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) in human tonsil tissue sections.
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution of this antibody detected TOX in human tonsil tissue sections.
Tested Applications
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:1,000 dilution from a representative lot detected TOX in lysates from THP-1 and NIH3T3 cells and Human tonsil and Mouse spleen tissue..
Affinity Binding Assay: A representative lot of this antibody bound TOX peptide with a KD of 5.7 x 10-8 in an affinity binding assay.
Note: Actual optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user as specimens, and experimental conditions may vary with the end user.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Clone 1D14 is a ZooMAb® rabbit recombinant monoclonal antibody that specifically detects Thymus high mobility group box protein TOX. It targets an epitope within 20 amino acids from the N-terminal region.
Physical form
Purified recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody IgG, lyophilized in PBS, 5% Trehalose, normal appearance a coarse or translucent resin. The PBS/trehalose components in the ZooMAb formulation can have the appearance of a semi-solid (bead like gel) after lyophilization. This is a normal phenomenon. Please follow the recommended reconstitution procedure in the data sheet to dissolve the semi-solid, bead-like, gel-appearing material. The resulting antibody solution is completely stable and functional as proven by full functional testing. Contains no biocide or preservatives, such as azide, or any animal by-products. Larger pack sizes provided as multiples of 25 μL.
Preparation Note
Recommend storage of lyophilized product at 2-8°C; Before reconstitution, micro-centrifuge vials briefly to spin down material to bottom of the vial; Reconstitute each vial by adding 25 μL of filtered lab grade water or PBS; Reconstituted antibodies can be stored at 2-8°C, or -20°C for long term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaws.
Reconstitute lyophilized antibody pellet with 25μL of ultrapure water or Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS). Please refer to our reconstitution protocol and the specific application guidance on the suggested starting dilutions and sample type.
Legal Information
ZooMAb is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
Disclaimer
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
| biological source | rabbit |
| Quality Segment | 200 |
| recombinant | expressed in HEK 293 cells |
| conjugate | unconjugated |
| antibody form | purified antibody |
| antibody product type | primary antibodies |
| clone | 1D14, recombinant monoclonal |
| description | recombinant, expressed in HEK 293 cells |
| product line | ZooMAb® learn more |
| form | lyophilized |
| mol wt | calculated mol wt 57.51 kDa,observed mol wt ~46 kDa |
| purified by | using Protein A |
| species reactivity | mouse, human |
| species reactivity (predicted by homology) | rat |
| packaging | antibody small pack of 25 μL |
| greener alternative product characteristics | Waste Prevention Designing Safer Chemicals Design for Energy Efficiency Learn more about the Principles of Green Chemistry. |
| enhanced validation | recombinant expression Learn more about Antibody Enhanced Validation |
| sustainability | Greener Alternative Product |
| technique(s) | affinity binding assay: suitable,immunohistochemistry: suitable,western blot: suitable |
| isotype | IgG |
| epitope sequence | N-terminal |
| Protein ID accession no. | NP_055544 |
| UniProt accession no. | O94900 |
| greener alternative category | Aligned |
| shipped in | ambient |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| target post-translational modification | unmodified |
| Gene Information | human ... TOX(9760) |
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